Heroes of stories by V. M. Shukshin: speech behavior

Abstract

The article is devoted to the rules of speech behavior presented in the stories of V. M. Shukshin. A method is proposed for identifying these rules based on the analysis of the names of characters who violate them. In the writer's texts, there are many conflictual dialogues, in which the characters give each other impartial assessments, and this is the reason for a significant amount of substandard vocabulary in the works of V. M. Shukshin, and while there is no substandard vocabulary in the author's text, it is included in the direct or indirect speech of the characters. The named features of V. M. Shukshin's stories make them fertile material for considering the rules of speech behavior, since these rules are violated during the conflicts, and the vocabulary with a negative assessment captures the norms that have been violated. The basic rules of speech behavior presented in the stories of V. P. Shukshin are as follows: say no more than required, do not say too much, be responsible for your words; say no less than required, be able to express a positive assessment of the addressee; tell the truth; do not impose your opinion; be friendly, polite and fair, do not use your official position, higher social status or physical strength in order to humiliate another. The violators are evaluated differently. Boors and people who give unsolicited advice, impose their opinions on others are assessed in a peremptorily negative manner. Violations of other rules are permissible, it all depends on the situation.